In Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) used in the road transportation sector, privacy risks may arise because vehicles could\nbe tracked on the basis of the information transmitted by the Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I)\ncommunications implemented with the Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) standards operating at 5.9GHz. Various\ntechniques have been proposed in the literature to mitigate these privacy risks including the use of pseudonym schemes, but they\nare mostly focused on data anonymization at the network and application layer. At the physical layer, the capability to accurately\nidentify and fingerprint wireless devices through their radio frequency (RF) emissions has been demonstrated in the literature. This\ncapability may generate a privacy threat because vehicles can be tracked using the RF emissions of their DSRC devices. This paper\ninvestigates the privacy risks related to RF fingerprinting to determine if privacy breaches are feasible in practice. In particular, this\npaper analyzes the tracking accuracy in challenging RF environments with high attenuation and fading.
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